对上海、重庆房产税征收的深思考——基于不动产购买者分析视角

房产税改革的试点工作已经一年多了,改革道路中所遇到的困难较多,所取得的成效也不是很明显,加之大众的舆论压力,房产税的开征似乎在被否定,其实不然。房产税对高房价的抑制作用是一个过程,并非一蹴而就的事情。政府应加大投资力度,并出台相关政策法规促进并保护改革的顺利进行;地方政府需在配合中央工作的同时,引导其走入正确的轨道上来;房产开发商则需履行好商业道德,诚信做事;至于不动产购买者,要维护房产税的开征工作,丢弃投机行为,并为房产税的开征提供合理化建议。房产税的改革工作需要多方共同努力,创造条件,才能为房地产市场走向理性化营造良好环境。     

基于计算机信息集成技术的房产管理信息系统

基于计算机信息集成技术的房产管理信息系统是房管部门实现房产管理现代化的一种重要途径。这种系统不但具有房产信息管理的输入、查询、检索、修改、计算、统计等一般功能，而且在信息集成技术的支持下还可以实现信息的数据集中、网络共享、并行处理、数据完整等优点。本详细探讨了这种基于计算机信息集成技术的房产信息管理系统系统分析、系统设计以及系统实施等几个重要开发过程的设计思想和作业内容，对计算机信息集成技术的相关内容也进行了一定介绍。     

Index Revision,House Price Risk,and the Market for House Price Derivatives

It is widely recognized that options and futures markets for housing can reduce and manage the risks inherent in consumers’ large investments in housing equity. The integrity of such markets depends, however, upon the use of transparent and replicable benchmarks for house prices and settlement values. In the USA, a series of state and metropolitan indexes have been produced by a government agency (the US Office of Housing Enterprise Oversight, OFHEO), and they have been widely disseminated for over a decade. By construction, the entire historical path of each of these indexes is, in principle, subject to revision quarterly, that is, every time the index is recalculated and data are published. This paper provides the first analysis of the magnitude and bias of these revisions, and it analyzes their systematic effects on the settlement prices in housing options markets. The paper considers the implications of these magnitudes for the development of risk-reducing futures markets.

Developing a House Price Index for The Netherlands: A Practical Application of Weighted Repeat Sales

This paper describes the development of a house price index that has been introduced in May 2005 in The Netherlands. This monthly index, called Woningwaarde Index Kadaster (House Price Index Kadaster), is designed to detect changes in the price of the overall stock of owner-occupied homes. Fifty-five indices are calculated: one overall index, four regional indices, 12 provincial indices and 38 indices based on combinations of region/province and dwelling type. We used Case and Shiller’s geometric Weighted Repeat Sales Model to calculate monthly house price indices. We used recorded data on the sales of over 500,000 owner-occupied homes in The Netherlands, all representing repeat sales between January 1993 and December 2006. The accuracy of the index was determined using the 95% confidence interval. We observed that accuracy might become a problem in smaller sub samples. Revision volatility was explored by comparing the index values computed from all available data until December 2005 with the index values computed from the data available until December 2006. Our analysis showed that revision volatility does not seem to be a major problem to the index. We also explored heteroskedasticity in the Repeat Sales method but did not find conclusive evidence for the proposed heteroskedasticity. Given our target (a geometric mean index value) and the characteristics of the dataset (very large but without property characteristics) the Repeat Sales Method seems to be adequate for calculating a house price index for The Netherlands.

基于需求角度房地产价格影响因素的实证分析

本文从需求角度分析影响房价的各因素,包括经济发展水平、城镇化水平、城镇居民收入水平和通货膨胀等,并选取一系列房地产价格的影响指标在2001-2010年的十年数据,建立31个省市房价的多种面板数据模型。对不同模型间进行选择和比较,得出最佳模型为个体固定效应模型,力图揭示各选取因素是否能够对房地产价格产生显著影响,从而确定需求层面上房价的影响因素,以及得出相应建议。     

经济环境、调控政策与区域房价——基于面板数据同期强相关视角

本文关注经济环境与调控政策等共同冲击对区域房价的影响,强调重大事件与我国房地产市场变动的内在关系;试图从同期相关视角出发,构建区域房价的共同因子模型,并利用2002第一季度至2012第四季度省际面板数据进行实证分析。结果表明：（1）区域房价受经济环境与调控政策两个因子影响;（2）相对于其它经济事件,次贷危机对我国各地区房价的影响最大,相对于其它时期的房价调控政策,2003年-2008年的调控政策更为有效;（3）各地区对共同冲击的反映是异质的。从而,政府在制订房价调控政策时应充分考虑市场反应,以促进房地产市场的协调平稳发展。     

保险机构助力“以房养老”案例研究

近年来,各类金融机构纷纷布局养老金融,市场上的养老金融产品层出不穷。本文以幸福人寿“房来宝”老年人住房反向抵押养老保险为例,运用案例研究法与鱼骨分析法探讨影响保险机构助力“以房养老”的积极因素与消极因素。研究发现,即便需求端与供给端在宏微观层面均存在促进产品成交的因素,但产品推广面临的阻碍因素对客户的购买行为影响更大,导致6年试点以来全国保单销量不佳。最后,基于研究结论提出保险机构开展住房反向抵押养老保险业务助力以房养老的对策。     

Politician Careers and SEC enforcement against financial misconduct

We document that corporate financial misconduct has significant consequences for politicians' election outcomes and, in particular, those politicians that serve on U.S. congressional committees with SEC-relevant oversight responsibilities (“SEC-relevant politicians”). These politicians display a 31% greater likelihood of losing a reelection campaign after a local firm faces SEC enforcement for financial misconduct. We also document that SEC-relevant politicians appear to influence the SEC to limit career effects due to the potential consequences from enforcement against local firms. First, the timing of enforcement action announcements around SEC-relevant politicians' elections appears opportunistic. Second, firms in the districts of SEC-relevant politicians are less likely to receive SEC enforcement actions relative to other firms and, when faced with enforcement, receive smaller penalties. Collectively, these results suggest that politicians' career concerns impede the SEC's enforcement efforts.     

Tornado activity,house prices,and stock returns

In this paper we investigate the effects of tornado activity on house prices and stock returns in the US. First, using geo-referenced and metropolitan statistical area (MSA)-level data, we find tornado activity to be responsible for a significant drop in house prices. Spillover tornado effects between adjacent MSAs are also detected. Furthermore, our granular analysis provides evidence of tornadoes having a negative impact on stock returns. However, only two sectors seem to contribute to such a negative effect (i.e., consumer discretionary and telecommunications). In a macro-analysis, which relies on aggregate data for the South, West, Midwest and Northeast US regions, we then show that tornado activity generates a significant drop in house prices only in the South and Midwest. In these regions, tornadoes are also responsible for a drop in income. Tornado activity is finally found to positively (negatively) affect stock returns in the Midwest (South). If different sectors are examined, a more heterogeneous picture emerges.     

House price dynamics: Fundamentals and expectations

We investigate whether expectations that are not fully rational have the potential to explain the evolution of house prices and the price-to-rent ratio in the United States. First, a stylized asset-pricing model solved under rational expectations is used to derive a fundamental value for house prices and the price–rent ratio. Although the model can explain the sample average of the price–rent ratio, it does not generate the large and persistent fluctuations observed in the data. Then, we consider a rational bubble solution, an extrapolative expectations solution and a near rational bubble solution. In this last solution agents extrapolate the future from the latest realizations and the degree of extrapolation is stronger in good times than in bad times, generating waves of over-optimism. We show that under this solution the model not only is able to match key moments of the data but can also replicate the run up in the U.S. house prices observed over the 2000–2006 period and the subsequent sharp downturn.